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一、背景材料
党的十八大报告明确指出：“提高领导干部运用法治思维和法治方式深化改革、推动发展、化解矛盾、维护稳定能力。”这一论断明确提出了“法治思维”概念。这就要求我们广大党员干部要善于运用法治思维和法治方式破解社会管理难题,提高社会管理创新水平。
二、主要内容
“法治思维”是以合法性为判断起点、以公平正义为判断重点的一种逻辑推理方式。其包含四方面内容并要相统一：“合法性思维”,即任何行政措施的采取、任何重大决策的做出都要合乎法律;“程序思维”,要求权力必须在既定程序及法定权限内运行;“权利义务思维”,即以权利义务作为设定人与人关系及人与公共权力关系的准则;“公平正义思维”,即公权力要以追求、维护公平与正义为价值尺度。
三、例题解析
“现在一些城管执法人员在清理路边摊时,对按月向本单位交管理费的摊贩不予限制,允许其继续摆摊,而对其他摊贩则一律取缔。说说你对这一行为的看法?”
【解析】
考生的一般答法就是指出城管执法的不公平,违背了法律的公平和正义,但是要想真正体现专业性就可以结合上述的法治思维去进行论述。
第一,不符合“合法性思维”：一是城管对摆摊商贩进行收费,说明该地城管部门拥有这样的收费政策,而这种收费政策本身就是不合法的。我国城市管理的相关法律法规规定,不得出现“以罚代管,罚后默认”的管理方式,制定这样的政策,已经违反法律法规了。二是我国城管权力范围中虽包括处罚权,但并没有明确规定城管有收取管理费的权力。该地区或街道内的城管部门,却自行制定这样的“土政策”,进行收取管理费用,已经是越权行为,同样不合法。
第二,不符合“程序思维”：行政执法人员在进行行政处罚时,需要按照一定的流程,例如：在进行查处和没收时,需进行提前下发相关的行政处罚决定书并进行说明,不能随意取缔。而题干当中城管工作人员执法分随意性很强,并未按照规定程序进行执法。
第三,不符合“权利与义务思维”：城管人员本身的职责就是维护市容市貌,而题干中的城管人员借“维护城市面貌”之名,行“非法敛财”之实,未能真正践行其职责和义务,相应的就会损害老百姓的权利。
第四,不符合“公平正义思维”：同样都是违反规定的行为,只因为有人向其交了管理费,就选择性执法,这种“区别式执法”有悖于法律的公平与正义,不利于法治政府的构建,更影响了政府的形象。
大家如果在论证环节可以体现出这种法制思维,更加会打动考官,体现出人岗匹配,获得考官的青睐,希望广大考生将法治思维牢牢记在自己的脑海当中。
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