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大多数学科只需要100小时的积极学习即可变得比绝对新手有竞争力得多。
精通一样东西需要10000小时，也就是说大概要10年的时间。但是有时候你要掌握的东西太多了，时间不够用怎么办？别担心，击败95%的人并不需要你付出太多的时间。我们看看Leo Polovets的经验，或者参考这篇如何更快学会任何东西。
10000小时定律大家应该都听说过，说的是精通一个领域需要的用时。这一定律有几层含义：
1、因为所需的时间太长（每天3小时需要10年），所以人一生只能精通少数几件事情。
2、因为时间流逝的速度对每个人都是一样的，所以你不能加快变得精通的进程。如果你精通了某样东西（如销售、变成或产品管理）而竞争对手没有，那你就拥有了巨大的竞争优势。
3、因为需要付出太多，许多人感到畏缩早早就选择放弃—或者甚至连试都不敢试。每一位小提琴大师背后，都有一堆几节课就开始放弃的人成全，更多的人甚至连小提琴都未曾拿起。
精通不同学科对初创企业来说非常重要。一家典型的初创企业有许多领域都需要处理好，如软件工程、用户体验设计、产品策略、销售营销、招聘等。这些地方任何一方面做不好已经足以导致公司失败。比方说，如果创始人不能有效招聘到一支好的团队，就会没有资源去实现自己的计划，无论那些计划再怎么出色也不管用。或者，尽管创始人能够开发出一款非常有用的产品，但对用户却不够友好或者缺乏美感，那产品往往很难获得发展势头。当然也有一些例外（如Craigslist何它那陈旧的UI），但这只是例外。
这就陷入了困境：没有几支团队能够精通以上5到10个对成功至关重要的领域，但是到达精通的程度又需要很长的时间。
怎么破？不妨试试100小时定律：
大多数学科只需要100小时的积极学习即可变得比绝对新手有竞争力得多。
比方说：
烹饪：成为大厨需要多年磨练，但100小时的烹饪课加上刻意练习即可让你做菜比大多数朋友都要好。
编程：经过数年学习实践才能变成很强的软件工程师，但在Codecademy或Udacity上过几门课足以让你写出许多基本应用。
销售：成为销售大师要积累很多年的经验，但看几本关键的书，跟老练的销售学几个小时就能帮助你学到足够的东西去避免常见/危险的销售陷阱。
销售这个例子我本人亲身经历过。在成为VC前，我是一名有10年经验的软件工程师。我从来都没有跟销售打过交道，对这个领域一无所知。在做了投资以后，我很快就发现大多数公司的瓶颈是销售/营销/客户获取而不是技术。因此，我开始尝试自学销售及相关领域的东西。我看过《Traction》这类的书，出席过SalesConf之类的会议。在销售方面我的投入大概有50到100小时。结果呢？尽管跟老鸟相比我还很菜，但跟许多非销售人员相比我的知识已经绰绰有余。现在我知道大多数软件产品应该根据价值而不是成本定价，谈好处要比谈功能更好，销售最重要的部分是倾听客户想要什么，而不是告诉他们你有什么。如果说销售专家的转化率是80%，而菜鸟只有10%的话，我现在的水平大概是30-40%左右。跟专家比还差得远，但跟菜鸟比已经拉开差距。如果按照1-2周的全身心投入学习来看，ROI已经很高了。
对100小时定律的一些观察：
尽管“100”是个很容易记住的整数，但这只是大概的说法。有些领域也许只用10、20小时就能达到中等竞争力水平，而有的可能就需要几百小时。但无论怎样，都要比精通需要的10000小时少得多。
10000小时定律基于绝对知识—彻底掌握一个领域就需要那么长的时间。而100小时定律基于相对知识。既然95%以上的人对大多数领域都一无所知，那么从那“幼稚的95%”跳到第96百分位就只需要很少的时间。从第96百分位跳到第99.9百分位才是漫漫长路。
正如10000小时定律一样，学习必须积极和审慎。也就是说，看书不能囫囵吞枣，练习不能三心二意，你的阅读和练习必须有一个仔细考虑过的学习和改进目标。
怎么把这些观察跟创业在一起呢？先列出为了确保公司成功需要擅长的领域清单（销售、观察、UI设计、特定领域知识等）。如果你的团队缺乏其中部分领域的经验，别指望临场发挥就能获得最好结果。要投入一点时间去学习，掌握基本的竞争力，这样才不会被一些菜鸟错误把自己搞残。从长远看你需要找到一些专家，但在近期投入足够时间去学习足以填补任何关键鸿沟。
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