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根据NAMI(国家精神疾病联合会）的数据显示，全球有超过一亿人口罹患躁郁症，那你对此了解多少？
你也许像大多数人一样会对这个疾病有一些基本的了解,或者你已经了解过或者听说一些名人也承认他们患此疾病。
你们当中也许有人知道美国迪士尼女歌手黛米·洛维托在2010年被确诊患有躁郁症，她也同样为饮食失调、抑郁、成瘾而终日挣扎，生活中许多障碍都与躁郁症同时出现。在《星球大战》中饰演莱娅公主的凯利·费希尔，她在确诊为为躁郁症之前整日沉溺于毒品和酒精。比利时著名武打明星尚格云顿也必须用药物来控制他的躁郁症。还有凯瑟琳·泽塔·琼斯也在2011年被确诊患有焦郁症二型。
虽然媒体对于这项疾病有很多的报道，但人们对于躁郁症仍然有很多误解。作为一位心理治疗师，以下六件事是我在治疗中最为注意的。
流言1：患有躁郁症的人都非常狂躁，他们总是情绪亢奋像打了鸡血一样。
事实：狂躁确实是会时常像这样表现出来，比如像愤怒或者急躁。我曾经有一个患者用“痛苦的”“感觉不受控制”还有“卷入自己的情感中”来形容这种狂躁的感觉。这种狂躁会毁了一段恋情，就像脱轨的火车一样威胁着一个人的工作、家庭以及生活。
流言2：躁郁症患者的情绪有两种状态－－狂躁或者抑郁，并且患者会不间断地在这两种状态之间转换。
事实：无论是焦郁症一型还是焦郁症二型，都会有一个空档期是既不狂躁（或者轻度狂躁）也不抑郁的。有的患者的情绪会迅速从狂躁转换到抑郁然后又转回到狂躁，有的人的情绪可以从一个极端情绪转换到一个较为中间、健康的状态。
流言3：引发躁郁症的原因是人的情绪整天都在戏剧性地转换。
事实：事实是如果有些人的抑郁情绪或者亢奋情绪只是持续几个月，而没有一年及以上的话就不是躁郁症。这也是为什么焦郁症会经常被误诊为抑郁症的原因。
流言4：在躁郁症的治疗中只有药物和心理治疗这两种方法。
事实：药物治疗和心理治疗对治疗躁郁症来说都是非常重要的，然而如果你认为只有这两种方法来治疗的话那就错了，饮食和锻炼同样也是很重要的治疗手段。事实上很多早期的躁郁症症状是可以通过调节饮食和适当锻炼来减轻的。
流言5：躁郁症患者不可能拥有快乐正常的生活。
事实：被诊断为焦郁症的患者也可以拥有快乐充实的生活，重要的是这个患者要找到合适自己的治疗方法加以治疗。焦郁症的治疗包括了情绪稳定，重新审视生活方式比如说建立或者重新建立感情，饮食结构，身体运动以及减压。
流言6：躁郁症由两种情绪组成——抑郁和焦躁。
事实：躁郁症有两种类别：躁郁症一型和躁郁症二型。躁郁症一型的症状就是大多数人听到这个词的第一印象。情绪狂躁是躁郁症一型的一个特征。这种狂躁足够队一个人的生活造成严重的后果。当一个人情绪狂躁时，他们可能会做一些后果很严重的事，比如说有风险的性行为，重复地冲动购物。躁郁症二型的标准是轻度狂躁和沮丧，轻度狂躁指的是一个人的情绪处在很容易被动摇的状态，但是尚不足以让患者的生活有严重的破坏。
对于躁郁症我们还是有很多事不了解，但是现在已经有一些非常有效的治疗手段，科学家们也在继续研究更多的药物和治疗方法来帮助躁郁症患者们。我们要相信希望就在前方。
文/psychcentral.com，译/少女之友虎强
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