试管科普丨鲜胚、冻胚、囊胚——合适自己才是最好的
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那么你说试管婴儿也分第一代试管婴儿、第二代试管婴儿和第三代试管婴儿吗？试管婴儿有第一代、第二代和第三代的说法。那么我选择做第三代试管婴儿是不是就意味成功率要比第一代试管婴儿高很多？上面是一个经常有患者咨询的问题。针对这样的问题，我们一起看看生殖医学中心的专家是怎么说的。
试管科普丨鲜胚、冻胚、囊胚——合适自己才是最好的
先了解下卵裂期胚胎、囊胚和冻胚
通常情况下，进行试管婴儿助孕时，我们会使用促排卵药物促进一批卵泡生长，卵子成熟后通过取卵手术取出，并与精子在培养皿中结合形成胚胎。胚胎在体外不断的发育，根据其发育的天数不同，分为卵裂期的胚胎和囊胚。
- 1、卵裂期胚胎：精卵受精后，由合子分裂为2细胞开始后，一直持续到第三天的这段细胞有丝分裂时期，称为“卵裂期胚胎”。
- 2、囊胚：卵裂期胚胎的细胞继续分裂，细胞间开始形成囊腔，内充满液体，形成囊胚后，细胞出现首次分化，形成滋养外胚层细胞和内细胞团细胞。这个时候是受精卵发育的第5～6天。
- 3、冻胚：大部分的情况下，一次取卵周期能够形成好几个可移植的胚胎，但是每次仅需要移植1～2枚胚胎，所以多余的胚胎就将在-196度的液氮中冷冻起来。因此，根据胚胎是否进行冷冻，又分成“鲜胚”和“冻胚”。
囊胚的质量一定比卵裂期胚胎好吗？
我们先举个例子，可以将囊胚视为“高中生”，卵裂期胚胎视为“小学生”。比较两者比考上大学的概率，高中生由于经过了重重考试的筛选，因此考上大学的概率要高于小学生，但也不是每个高中生都能考上大学。而小学生将来也不见得比高中生差，甚至也有全部考上大学的可能。
所以，单纯从概率上讲，囊胚的整体发育潜能高于卵裂期胚胎。
Tips：总之，囊胚不是神话，适合自己的才是最好的！
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